Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Pipe and Tube
Nickel and nickel-alloy pipe and tube, because of their high strength and generally good resistance to oxidation and corrosion, are used in the chemical industry and in steam-generation equipment for nuclear power-generation plants. Applications of nickel are found in tubes and pipe of pure nickel and binary and tertiary alloys of nickel, such as Ni-Cu (Monel 400 and Monel K-500), Ni-Mo and Ni-Si (Hastelloy B), Ni-Cr-Fe (Inconel 600 and Inconel 800), and Ni-Cr-Mo (Hastelloy C276 and Inconel 625) alloys. The alloys are used in applications requiring corrosion resistance to water, acids, alkalis, salts, fluorides, chlorides, and hydrogen chloride. The alloy must be carefully selected to provide for resistance to the specific corrosion media found in the environment.
Nickel and nickel-alloy pipe and tube are produced by the Ugine-Sejournet extrusion process, in which a shell is formed by hydraulic piercing of a billet by a ram and subsequent extrusion. Alternately, the billet may be initially pierced by means of drilling.
Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Tube and Pipe
Titanium and its alloys have provided the engineering designer with an important alternative to aluminum. They are lightweight and have high strength at moderately elevated temperatures, good toughness, and excellent corrosion resistance. Their applications have been found in a wide range of industries, including aerospace, heat-exchange equipment, chemical plants, and power-generation facilities.
There is a wide range of alloying systems to which titanium may be produced. The alloying elements possibly include aluminum, molybdenum, nickel, tin, manganese, chromium, and vanadium. UNS numbers are used to identify the many available alloys and forms of titanium. Titanium and alloys of titanium pipe and tube are produced from a melt of raw titanium ‘‘sponge’’ and alloying metals in a vacuum electric arc furnace. An ingot is obtained which is reduced to a billet. The billet provides the stock for the extrusion process, from which the tube or pipe is formed. The process consists of initially piercing the billet, then passing a heated shell through a die and over a mandrel.
Nickel and nickel-alloy pipe and tube, because of their high strength and generally good resistance to oxidation and corrosion, are used in the chemical industry and in steam-generation equipment for nuclear power-generation plants. Applications of nickel are found in tubes and pipe of pure nickel and binary and tertiary alloys of nickel, such as Ni-Cu (Monel 400 and Monel K-500), Ni-Mo and Ni-Si (Hastelloy B), Ni-Cr-Fe (Inconel 600 and Inconel 800), and Ni-Cr-Mo (Hastelloy C276 and Inconel 625) alloys. The alloys are used in applications requiring corrosion resistance to water, acids, alkalis, salts, fluorides, chlorides, and hydrogen chloride. The alloy must be carefully selected to provide for resistance to the specific corrosion media found in the environment.
Nickel and nickel-alloy pipe and tube are produced by the Ugine-Sejournet extrusion process, in which a shell is formed by hydraulic piercing of a billet by a ram and subsequent extrusion. Alternately, the billet may be initially pierced by means of drilling.
Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Tube and Pipe
Titanium and its alloys have provided the engineering designer with an important alternative to aluminum. They are lightweight and have high strength at moderately elevated temperatures, good toughness, and excellent corrosion resistance. Their applications have been found in a wide range of industries, including aerospace, heat-exchange equipment, chemical plants, and power-generation facilities.
There is a wide range of alloying systems to which titanium may be produced. The alloying elements possibly include aluminum, molybdenum, nickel, tin, manganese, chromium, and vanadium. UNS numbers are used to identify the many available alloys and forms of titanium. Titanium and alloys of titanium pipe and tube are produced from a melt of raw titanium ‘‘sponge’’ and alloying metals in a vacuum electric arc furnace. An ingot is obtained which is reduced to a billet. The billet provides the stock for the extrusion process, from which the tube or pipe is formed. The process consists of initially piercing the billet, then passing a heated shell through a die and over a mandrel.
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