AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) was earlier known as the American Standards Association (ASA). For a short period of time, from 1967 to 1969, it was called the United States of America Standards Institute (USASI) and here we are with Piping & Fabrication will know a little bit more about ANSI.

ANSI provides a forum for development or obtaining a consensus for approval of standards having national impact and serves as a focal point for distribution of national and other standards, including those developed and issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and foreign governments. Development and approval functions are performed by committees representing a cross
section of affected interests, such as engineering societies, manufacturers, trade institutes, fabricators, builders, universities, unions, insurance companies, and government agencies. Many of the committees are chaired or sponsored by engineering societies, such as ASME and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

Safety is the basic objective of the engineering design and construction requirements contained in standards developed, approved, and distributed by ANSI. The ANSI standards include prohibition for practices considered unsafe and cautions where advisory warnings, instead of prohibitions, are deemed necessary.

This chapter provides a brief discussion of various sections of ASME B31, Pressure Piping Code, which was earlier known as ANSI B31, Pressure Piping Code.
It is envisioned that other ANSI standards may eventually become known as ASME standards; however, they shall be subjected to approval of the ANSI.
The following ANSI standards contain provisions related to piping.

 

ANSI Standards

A13.1-96	Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems
A112.1.2-91	Air Gaps in Plumbing Systems
A112.6.1M-88	Supports for Off-the-Floor Plumbing Fixtures for Public Use
A112.18.1M-96	Plumbing Fixture Fittings
A112.19.IM-94	Enameled Cast Iron Plumbing Fixtures
A112.19.3M-87	Stainless Steel Plumbing Fixtures (designed for residential use) (R1996)
A112.21.1M-91	Floor Drains
A112.21.2M-83	Roof Drains (revision of ANSI A112.21.2-1971)
A112.36.2M-91	Cleanouts (revision of ANSI A112.36.2-1983)
AG-1-94	Code on Nuclear Air and Gas Treatment
B1.1	Unified Inch Screw Threads
B1.20.1-83	Pipe Threads General Purpose (Inch) (revision and redesignation of ASME/ANSI B2.1-1968) (R1992)
B1.20.3-76	Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch) (revision and redesignation of B2.2-1968) (R1991)
B16.1-89	Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
B16.3-92	Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings; Classes 150 and 300
B16.4.92	Cast Iron Threaded Fittings; Classes 125 and 250
B16.5-96	Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
B16.9-93	Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
B16.10-92	Face-To-Face and End-To-End Dimensions of Valves
B16.11-96	Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
B16.12-91	Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings
B16.14-91	Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuts with Pipe Threads
B16.15-85	Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings; Classes 125 and 250
B16.18-84	Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings (R1994)
B16.22-95	Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
B16.23-92	Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings
B16.24-91	Bronze Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings; Classes 150 and 300
B16.25-97	Butt-Welding Ends
B16.26-88	Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes
B16.28-94	Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Short Radius Elbows and Returns
B16.29-94	Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings
B16.32-92	Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Fittings for Solvent Drainage Systems
B16.33-90	Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in Gas Piping Systems up to 125 psig (sizes 1⁄₂ through 2)
B16.34-96	Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End
B16.36-96	Orifice Flanges
B16.38-85	Large Metallic Valves for Gas Distribution (manually operated, NPS 2 1⁄₂ to 12, 125 psig maximum) (R1994)
B16.39-86	Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions; Classes 150, 250, and 300 (R1994)
B16.40-85	Manually Operated Thermoplastic Gas Shutoffs and Valves in Gas Distribution Systems (R1994)
B16.41-83	Functional Qualification Requirements for Power-Operated Active Valve Assemblies for Nuclear Power Plants (R1989)
B16.42-87	Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings; Classes 150 and 300 (R1997)
B16.44-95	Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in House Piping Systems
B16.45-87	Cast Iron Fittings for Sovent Drainage Systems
B16.47-96	Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 through NPS 60
B18.2.1-96	Square and Hex Bolts and Screws (Inch Series) Including Hex Cap Screws and Lag Screws; Supplement 1318.2.1
B18.2.2-87	Square and Hex Nuts (Inch Series)
B18.2.3.1M-79	Metric Hex Cap Screws (R1995)
B18.2.3.2M-79	Metric Formed Hex Screws (R1995)
B18.2.3.3M-79	Metric Heavy Hex Screws (R1995)
B18.2.3.4M-84	Metric Hex Flange Screws (R1995)
B18.2.3.5M-79	Metric Hex Bolts; Errata-May 1981 (R1995)
B18.2.3.6M-79	Metric Heavy Hex Bolts (R1995)
B18.2.4.1M-79	Metric Hex Nuts, Style 1 (R1995)
B18.2.4.2M-79	Metric Hex Nuts, Style 2 (R1995)
B18.2.4.3M-79	Metric Slotted Hex Nuts (R1995)
B18.2.4.4M-82	Metric Hex Flange Nuts (R1993)
B18.2.4.5M-79	Metric Hex Jam Nuts (R1990)
B18.2.4.6M-79	Metric Heavy Hex Nuts (R1990)
B18.5-90	Round Head Bolts (Inch Series)
B18.5.2.1	M-81 Metric Round Head Short Square Neck Bolts (R1995)
B18.5.2.2M-82	Metric Round Head Square Neck Bolts (R1993)
B18.15-85	Forged Eyebolts (R1995)
B18.18.1M-87	Inspection and Quality Assurance for General Purpose Fasteners (R1994)
B18.18.3M-87	Inspection and Quality Assurance for Special Purpose Fasteners (R1993)
B18.18.4M-87	Inspection and Quality Assurance for Fasteners for Highly Specialized Engineered Applications (R1993)
B18.21.1-72	Lock Washers (Inch Series)
B18.21.2M-94	Lock Washers (Metric Series)
B18.22M-81	Metric Plain Washers (R1990)
B18.22.1-65	Plain Washers (reaffirmation and redesignation of ASA 1327.2-1965) (R1990)
B32.5-77	Preferred Metric Sizes for Tubular Metal Products Other than Pipe (R1988)
B32.6M-84	Preferred Metric Equivalents of Inch Sizes for Tubular ProductsOther than Pipe (revision of ANSI B32.6-1977) (R1994)
B36.10M-96	Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe (revision of ANSI B36.10)
B36.19M-85	Stainless Steel Pipe (revision of ANSI B36.19)
MFC-1M-91	Glossary of Terms Used in the Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes
MFC-6M-87	Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes Using Vortex Flow Meters
MFC-7M-87	Measurement of Gas Flow by Means of Critical Flow Venturi Nozzles (R1992)
N45.2.1-80	Cleaning of Fluid Systems and Associated Components for Nuclear Power Plants
N278.1-75	Self-Operated and Power-Operated Safety-Related Valves Functional Specification Standard, Reactor Plants and Their Maintenance (R 1992)
NQA-1-1997	Quality Assurance Program Requirements for Nuclear Facilities
TDP-1-85	Recommended Practices for the Prevention of Water Damage to Steam Turbines Used for Electric Power Generation (Fossil)
TDP-2-85	Recommended Practices for the Prevention of Water Damage to Steam Turbines Used for Electric Power Generation (Revision of ASME Standard No. TWDPS-1-1973, Part 2) (Nuclear)

ANSI Guides/Manuals

1986	Guide for Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems-1986; Addenda 1-1986, Addenda 2-1987, Addenda 3-1987
B31 Guide-77	Corrosion Control for ANSI B31.1, Power Piping Systems
B31 Guide-91	Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines (a supplement to ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping)
1001-88	Performance Requirements for Pipe Applied Atmospheric Type Vacuum Breakers
1003-93	Performance Requirements for Water Pressure Reducing Valves
1037-90	Performance Requirements for Pressurized Flushing Devices (Flushometers) for Plumbing Fixtures
1045-87	Performance Standard and Installation Procedures for Aluminum Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe with End Cap Components

Other ASME/ANSI Publications
The following is a list of additional ASME/ANSI publications which are of interest
to people engaged in piping design, construction, operation, and maintenance activities:

B16.20-93	Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges- Ring Joint, Spiral-Wound and Jacketed
B16.21-92	Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges